Published in Protecting Children: A professional publication of American Humane, 24(1), 20-33, by Jack Denniston of ICF International and Sally Flanzer and Jan Shafer of the U.S. Children’s Bureau. The chronic neglect of children is one of the most persistent and intractable challenges facing the nation’s child protection system. It can result in immediate harm or serious risk of harm to the child’s safety, health, and well-being. This article analyzes the findings of 10 federally funded demonstration projects that provided innovative services to families with chronic neglect issues and builds on two syntheses of these projects written by Mr. Denniston. In developing this journal article, the authors reviewed the projects’ final reports, the syntheses, other findings published by these projects, and a recent survey of the projects to draw conclusions about working with neglectful families and the role of federal funding in advancing child welfare practice.